Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil
Engineers
See also Journal
Steamindex home page
Note the compiler was indebted to the staff at the British Library who brought vast quantities of these voluminous minutes to find a relatively small number of highly significant papers. Now an electronic version is available. Volume 1 extends to more than one year. Several misleading errors have been noted in the low grade OCR transfer (certainly not worthy of any engineering institution let alone one which seeks an exalted position): values instead of valves and Van Borries, Eluish for Huish for instance. There is only a moderately sophisticated system for searching the archive. Cost of access to the pdf files: (excessively expensive unless business activity).
Volume 1 (1837)
Perkins, J.
On locomotive engines and the means of supplying them with steam.. 20-1.
1837 paper
Reynolds, J.
On the construction of railways of continuous bearing. 22-3. Discussion:
23-4.
Andrew Dow The railway p.
124 gives an excellent resume and diagram from this paper
as compared with mumbo jumbo offered online. The railway was evaluated by
the Liverpool & Manchester Railway on Chat Moss
Edwards, G, and Taylor J.A.
Steam expansion table. 24.
Koehler, H.
On a peculiar form of rail, and the construction of railways in America and
Germany. 25-6.
Discussion. [The vibrations produced in the soil by the passage of locomotives
and coaches]. 31.
Royal Observatory, Greenwich.
Macneill J [Projections of railways]. 36.
Harrison, T.E.
[The fuel and fire-boxes of the locomotive engines on the Stanhope and Tyne
railway]. 38.
Volume 1 (1838)
Woods, E.
On locomotive engines. 3-4.
1.57 Ibs. per horse power per hour; whereas in anexperiment at Oldford,
the quantity was 4.82 lbs. not withstanding the additional friction in the
former case of the mining engine. The consumption is stated by Mr. Farey
in his Treatise on the Steam Engine, for a double engine (Boulton
and Watt) at 10+ Ibs. per horse power per hour. At the end of the paper are
two Tables, the one shewing the gradual improvement of the steam engineduring
66 years, andthe other the average duty of engines in Cornwall for 1S35 and
1836. This paper would seem to have little to do with locomotives per se
aand is presumably very poor value for the pdf version..
Mushet, D.
On iron for railways. 17.
Carpmael, W.
[Description of Worsdale's apparatus for exchanging letter-bags on railways,
when the train is in motion]. 32.
Presumably "Worsdale" is a misinterpretation of Worsdell.
Edwards, G.
Steam expansion table. 42
Volume 1 ((1839)
Buck, G.
On tubing the boilers of locomotive engines. 32; also 1838 volume
page 51.
An attempt to determine the diameter of the tubes of the boiler of
a locomotive engine, to effect maximum generation of steam.
Whishaw, F.
Manchester and Leeds Railway section. 43.
Barlow
On the comparison between the power of locomotive engines and the effect
produced by that power at different velocities. 46-8
Experiments and calculations to establish friction and
resistance.
Parkes, J.
On steam boilers and steam engines. 54-9.
Had great difficulties, particularly with respect to the locomotive
boiler and the thinness of the heat-absorbing surface.
Volume 1 (1840)
Bury, Edward
An account of the performances of the locomotive engines of the London &
Birmingham Railway during the year 1839. 33-4.
Ref. obtained from Harry Jack: Locomotives of the LNWR Southern
Division, but since corrected at the British Library [title was incorrect
and lacked pagination: electronic archive states Volume 1.. Bury reported
that the locomotives were derived from Liverpool of 1830 as supplied
to the LMR. The weight of the passenger engine in working order was 9 tons
13 cwt, and of the merchandise engines 11 tons 13 cwt. Claimed that axle
breakages were very rare. In ICE electronic archive..
Cowper, E.
Description of a running gauge for ascertaining the parallelism of a railway.
30-1.
Moorsom, W.S., Bury, E, Donkin, B, and Walker, J.
Account of a series of experiments on locomotive engines, more particularly
on the 'England', the 'Columbia' and the 'Atlantic' manufacturing by Norris
of Philadelphia. 45-7. Discussion: 47-9.
1840 paper: Trials on the Grand Junction Railway in April and May
1839 between Birmingham and Liverpool (and return). Noted that travels with
apparent ease at 30 mile/h. Seven journeys to Birmingham (596 miles): 177
sacks of coke (1½ cwt each); 12705 gallons of water. Seven journeys
to Liverpool resulted in the combustion of 177 sacks of cole and 12379 gallons
of water. He considered that they were good serviceable engines and were
easy and faster on curves. Bury (page 48) conceded that the Norris locomotives
would curve well, but argued that the Bury type was not thrown off at pointers
as Bury entitled points. Donkin was quoted on the curving behaviour of the
Bury type. Bury noted that on the Leeds & Manchester Railway considerable
allowance was made in the axle journals for movement.
Carr, H.
Description of a dynamometer, or an instrument for measuring the friction
on roads, railways, canals, & c.. 52.
Bourns, Charles
On setting out railway curves. 56.
Taff Vale
Volume 1 (1841)
Gregory, C.H.
Practical observations on the management of a locomotive engine. 73-4.
Included accidents: online "abstract" gobbledygook.
May, C.
On a new form of railway chairs and improved fastenings. 83-5. Discussion:
85-7.
South Eastern Railway. Participants in discussion: W. Cubitt, J. Pim,
C. Vignoles, G. Mills, S. Seaward and J.J. Hawkins.
May, R.C.
On setting out curves for railways. 96-7.
Woods, J.
A machine for bending and setting the tire of railway carriage wheels. 99-100.
Smith, T.M.
An account of the repairs done to the Beechwood Tunnel, upon the London and
Birmingham Railway, September 1840. 142-3.
Grantham, J.
On the stationary engines at the new tunnel on the Liverpool and Manchester
Railway. 146-8. Discussion: 148.
P. Fairbairn contributed to the discussion.
Rankine, W.J.M.
Description of a method of laying down railway curves on the ground. 108-9.
Discussion: 109-11.
Participants in discussion: W. Gravatt and W. Froude
Rankine, W.J.M.
On the causes of the unexpected breakage of the journals of railway axles;
and on the means of preventing such accidents by observing the law of continuity
in their construction. 105-7. Discussion: 107-8
Participants in discussion: J.O. York, J. Parkes and W.
Greener.
Woods, Edward
On certain forms of locomotive engines. 137–55
Contains some of earliest accurate details of the working of locomotives:
awarded a Telford medal. Not found in electronic
archive
Volume 3 (1840/1)
Barlow, Peter
An investigation into the power of locomotive engines, and the effect
produced by that power at different velocities. 46-8.
Hemans, G.W.
Description of a wrought-iron lattice bridge, lately erected on the line
of the Dublin and Drogheda Railway. 63-5
Bury, E.
On the locomotive engines of the London & Birmingham Railway. 305-42.
Based on four half-yearly returns of the locomotive department, between
.January 1839 and December 1840 [absurd date error in online "abstract"].
These returns are accompanied by a drawing of the locomotive engines to which
they refer, with details of the principal parts; and as the quantity of coke
consumed, as well as the cost of repairs, is much less than usual (which
may, I conceive,be attributed to the system followed in the construction
of the engines), I would make some observations upon those parts in which
they more essentially differ from other locomotives...
Brockedon, P.
Vulcanized India rubber. 58-9
Used instead of felt beneath rail chairs on Great Western Railway
and on Midland Counties Railway.
Storey, John
Description of an oblique bridge over the River Gaunless, on the Hagger Leases
Branch Railway, Durham. 59-60.
Stockton & Darlington Railway: skew bridge.
Barlow, P.W.
On the comparative advantages of the atmospheric railway system. 114-42
Discussion: 143-50.
Participants in the discussion included J. Samuda, J. Pim, C.H. Gregory,
I.K. Brunel. W. Cubitt, J. Scott Russell and J.S. Russell.
Berkeley, G.
The peculiar features of the atmospheric railway system. 251-61.
Stirling, John.
Description of Stirlings improved air engine. 348-55. Discussion: 355-61.
Participants in the discussion included J. Walker, G. Cottam, A. Gordon,
S.C. Homersham, J. Field, R. Stephenson, J. Smith, J. Leslie, Sir George
Cayley and J. Jeffreys.
West, W.
On water for locomotive engines and its chemical analysis. 182-95,
Incrustation of fur (calcium carbonate) on locomotive boiler shells
and tubes.
Harding, Wyndham
On the resistances of railway trains at different velocities. 369-411.
Discussion: 411-32. 1848, 7, 294-326
417
Much of the discussion sessions was centred on the effect of gauge.
Participants in the first discussion included J. Scott Russell, J.S. Russell,
E. Woods, J. Samuda, Sir J. Rennie, G.P. Bidder, R. Stephenson, S.C. Homersham,
F. Braithwaite, T. Hawkesley, T.R. Crampton and G. Rennie; and in the second
many of those who participated previously plus I.K.Brunel, J. Locke, D. Gooch,
W.S. Stephenson, C. Fox, W.S. Moorsom, J. Hawkshaw and J. Thomson.
.
Volume 7 (1848)
Rennie, Sir John
Presidential Address. 27-31.
Given on 18 January 1848.
Gooch, Daniel
Observations on the resistances of railway trains at different speeds. 292-4.
Discussion:
Described Gooch's dynamometer car constructed at Swindon, and the
results of tests on the Wootton Bassertt and Box inclines of the Great Western
Railway. Paper also mentions the times achieved by ordinary express trains
between Paddington and Didcot. This further information was brought forth
in response to observations made by Locke on 16 May 1848.
Volume 8 (1849)
Dockray, R.B.
Description of the Camden Station of the London and North Western Railway.
164-73.
Crampton, T.R.
Discussion on the construction of locomotive engines, especially with respect
to those modifications which enable additional power to be gained, without
materially increasing the weight, or unduly elevating the centre of gravity.
233-40. Discussion: 240-61. Paper No. 794
Participants: T.R. Crampton, R. Stephenson, I.K. Brunel, J.V. Gooch,
G. Rennie, W.B. Adams, P.W. Barlow, G.P. Bidder, J. Locke, Sir
C. Pasley (254-5) commented on Thetford accident and how White Horse
of Kent had rolled over, S.C. Homersham, G. Berkley and H. Maudslay.
According to Harry Jack: Locomotives of the LNWR Southern
Division: includes descrption of Mac's Mangle
Hawkshaw, John
Description of the permanemn way on the Lancashire and Yorkshirde, Manchester
and Southport. and the Sheffield, Barnsley and Wakefied Railways. 261-73.
Discussion
Presented 8 May 1849. Joshua Field in the Chair
Volume 9 (1850/1).
Fairbairn, W.
On tubular girder bridges. 233-41. Discussion: 242-87.
Doyne, W.T.
Description of a wrought iron lattice bridge constructed over the line of
the Rugby and Leamington railway. 353-9.
Volume 10 (1851)
Bruce, George Barclay. (Paper 835)
Description of the Royal Border Bridge over the River Tweed, on the York,
Newcastle and Berwick Railway. (includes plate and appendix). 219–33
Volume 11 (1851/2)
Doyne, W. T. and Blood, W, B.
An investigation of the strains upon the diagonals of lattice beams with
the resulting formulae. 1-14.
Huish, Mark (Paper No. 854)
Railway accidents: their cause and means of prevention: detailing particularly
the contrivances which are in use, and have been proposed. 434-50.
1000 locomotive failures on LNWR involving 587 locomotives were
examined
Poole, Braithwaite (Paper No. 875)
The economy of railways as a means of transit, comprising the classification
of traffic in relation to the most appropriate speeds for the conveyance
of passengers and merchandise. 450-60. Disc. (both Papers) 461-77.
This brought out the perennial battle between the locomotive manufacturers
and the railway companies. Robert Stephenson (468) noted
that the LNWR was spending £15,000 on a rolling mill
Volume 12 (1853)
Clark, David Kinnear (Paper No. 887)
Experimental investigation of the principles of the boilers of locomotive
engines. 382-413. Disc.: 414-31.
Coke had been the universal fuel except on the Stockton & Darlington
Railway where coal had always been burned as in general the grates were too
small and the firebox volume was too low to burn coal. T.R.
Crampton (414-15) spoke about Liverpool; Robert Stephenson (415-16)
concurred with the general sentiments in the paper, but did not share the
views that the combustion of cokc was imperfect in the locomotive. He had
discussed the subject fully with Professor Daniell, who considered, on the
contrary, that the combustion in the locomotive was most complete. At a white
heat it was found that nearly pure carbonic acid was generated. C. Wye
Williams’ experiments in introducing the air near to the bridge, created
additional visible combustion in the flues, so that although there were clouds
of dense smoke whilst the apertures were closed, on opening the holes the
flue became illuminated. Still there was no marked economy of fuel, and the
iron of the boiler was destroyed. If it were true that the quantity of heat
developed in consuming carbon was in proportion to the oxygen brought in
contact with it, then the admission of oxygen, within certain limits, should
cause economy. He had never known more than 5 or 6 per cent. to be saved
by smoke-preventing apparatus. H e argued, therefore, that there was very
little imperfect comnbustion. Unless the oxygen entered through the fire,
in his opinion it did little good. He had tried the admission of air at various
heights in the fire-box, without producing any good effect. As to the comparison
between slow and quick combustion, the ultimate result in each case must
be identical, if thc combuhtion in both was perfect. The result of burning
a pound of coke perfectly, must be the same under all circumstances. Whatevcr
might be the arrangement of tllc boiler, if the coal was consumed, the heat
absorbed, and the chimney kept cool, all the useful effect was got out of
the fuel that could be obtained. The Author’s deductions, as to the
practical identity of fire-box and tube surface, for evaporating action,
must be admitted ; and likewise the constancy of the evaporative efficiency
of fuel, whether by radiant, or communicated heat, or both together, or whether
the draught was mild, or strong. Heat was specific and certain in its effects,
and could be dealt with like any ponderable body. Such expedients as midfeathers,
etc, which were resorted t o for specially increasing the fire-box surface,
must be condemned. They were inconvenient and costly, causing the space for
fuel to be occupied by water whilst plates of 7/16, or ½ inch in thickness,
were employed to do the work of the tubes, which were less. than 1/8 inch
in thickness, and were equally serviceable as heating surface. In comparing
the long with the short boiler experiments, it was important to know the
rate of evaporation. For moderate speeds moderate firing might be practised,
and short boilers might then be usefully employed. Long boilers might be
better with heavy loads, and short boilers with light loads. In the gauge
experiments, an engine with the smallest fire-box ever made, and having 80
tons attached to it, working to her highest power, evaporated from 150 cubic
feet to 170 cubic feet, at the rate of 9.1 lbs. of water per pound of coke.
That great economy was obtained under the best circumstances, and by utilizing
the power of the engine to the utmost. If the load had been smaller the good
qualities of the engine would have been less apparent. M but
McConnell (417-20 and 426-9) disputed. Other participants
listed on the electronic version included: J. Hawkshaw, J. Scott Russell,
J. Field, G.P. Bidder, P.M. Parsons, C. May, L. Playfair and W.S.
Moorsom..
Sewell, John (Paper No. 891)
On locomotive boilers and on fuels. 432-49.
Mainly on effect of coal type on LNWR Bloomer
performance
Cubitt, J.
A description of the Newark Dyke Bridge, on the Great Northern Railway (including
plate). 601-7.
Volume 14 (1855)
James Brunlees (Paper No. 909)
On the construction of the sea embankments across the estuaries Kent and
Leven in Morecambe Bay, for the Ulverstone and Lancaster Railway. 239–45.
Discussion: 246–50.
Joseph Phillips (Paper No. 925)
Description of the iron roof, in one span, over the Joint Railway Station,
New Street, Birmingham. 251–62. Discussion: 264–72.
Benjamin Burleigh (Paper No. 927)
On the construction of railway switches and crossings. 419–30, Discussion:
431–42
Permanent way, including Fox's switches
James Barton (Paper No. 907)
On the economic distribution of material in the sides or vertical portion,
of wrought-iron beams. (including plate). 443–58. Discussion: 459–90
Lavington Evans Fletcher (Paper No. 931)
Description of the Landore Viaduct on the line of the South Wales Railway.
492–503. Discussion: 504–6
Volume 15 (1856)
Joseph Baillie.
The application of volute springs to the safety-valves of locomotive boilers.
28-33.
This is correct: had feared should have been Beattie! Mumbo jumbo
on ICE disgraceful website occludes information
James Fenton.
Description of an improved form of safety-valve, for steam-boilers. 33-6.
Discussion. 37-44
The safety-valves generally used on locomotives, are inefficient,
even when they are in good order, and that they frequently tended to mislead
those who, being unacquainted with the properties of steam, imagine that
all is safe, as long as the valves are blowing off. The engine-drivers, also,
believe themselves to be in security, not being at all aware of the fact,
that whilst the valves are blowing off freely the pressure in the boiler
may be two, three, and even four times as great as that for which the valves
are loaded ; and indeed, it has been frequently proved, when locomotives
have exploded, that both valves were blowing off and were not over-weighted.
Participants in the discussion included S.C. Kreeft, D.K. Clark, J. Freeman,
D. Thomson, J. Simpson and C. Manby.
Manby, C. and Haswell, J.
The "Wien-Raab" locomotive engine. 44-6. Disc.: 46.
Discussion: W.S. Moorsom on locomotives for steep gradients and sharp
curves
Stephenson, R.
Presidential Address of Robert Stephenson, M.P., (Our British railways).
January 8, 1856. 123-54.
The bulk of the Scotch traffic from the Midland line. Nevertheless,
the Midland traffic cmtinued to increase. At a later period the Great Northern
was opened, affording almost a direct route to Nottingham, to Leeds, to York,
and to Edinburgh. The Scotch traffic of the Midland was thereby annihilated,
and its trade to thelarge towns named almost entirely abstracted; yet, with
all this, the Midland receipts continued to increase largely, chiefly in
consequence of its local growth, and the development of its mineral
traffic.
Stephenson, R.
Extracts from the Second Report of the Postmaster General on the Post-Office,
and the President's Reply. 456-96.
Of travelling Post-Offices, i.e., carriages in which the corresqmding
number of miles in the Report for 1854, was, by an error, much overstated.
Mail bags are opened and made up, the letters being as sorted while the train
is in progress ; an arrangement which obviates stoppages.
Volume 16 (1857)
Clark, D.K. (Papeer 949)
On the improvement of railway locomotive stock, and the reduction of the
working expenses. 3-21 Discussion: 22-43.
Locomotives favourably adapted for the combustion of coke, are not
in general favourably adapted for that of coal; and vice versa. Coke burns
best in heaps, coal in layers. Coke being simple, is instantly burnt; coal
being compound, requires time for its complete conversion, the hydrogen first,
the carbon afterwards. The inference, then, is, that a restricted grate and
concentrated combustion are most favourable for the conversion of coke; whilst
a larger grate and plenty of fire-box room are the best for coal. Participatnts
to the discussion: J. Kennedy, R. Stephenson, E. Woods, G.H. Phipps, F.
Braithwaite, H. Robertson, A. Slate, T. Webster, G.P. Bidder, and W. Bridges
Adams. Part of paper reproduced in
Locomotive Mag., 1935, 41, 402-3..
William Bridges Adams. Paper 947
The varieties of permanent way, practically used, or tried, on railways,
up to the present period. 226-59.
Parsons, P.M.
On some recent improvements in the permanent way of railways. 259-65, Discussion:
266-97
Conder, F.R.
On the laying of the permanent way of the Bordeaux and Bayonne Railway, through
the Grandes Landes. 371-9. Discussion: 380-5
Timber was scarce, neverthelesss the longitudinal system of permanent
way was adopted
Locke, Joseph
Presidential Address. 128-53
Included criticism of English locomotives supplied to France
Guerin, E.
On braking systems. 153-60. Discussion: 161-72.
French author: includes Guerin's self-acting and Miles' hydraulic
brake systems. The use of Guerin's brake on the London and Windsor line,
where there were thirteen stations, had reduced the journey time by fifteen
minutes. With one guard to work the brake, the train could be stopped in
a distance of 60 or 70 yards; whereas, formerly, the steam had to be shut
off about 300 yards from the station where it was required to stop. Participants
in the discussion: J.S. Perring, William Bridges Adams, J. Newall, G.W. Hemans,
T.E. Harrison and J. Locke.
Webb. E.B.
On the means of communication in the Empire of Brazil; chiefly in reference
to the works of the Mangatiba Serra road, and to those of the Maua, the first
Brazilian railway. 240-54 .
Clark, D.K. (Paper 1024)
On coal-burning and feedwater heating in locomotive engines. 546-63. Discussion:
564-85.
Air should be in sufficient quantity, and suitably distributed amongst
the solid and gaseous portions of the fuel in the furnace, altogether, or
partially through the grate, and partially above the fuel. Participants in
the discussion: W.H. Barlow, J.A. Longridge, Z. Colburn, E.A. Cowper
and C. Greaves.
Heppel, J.M.
On a method of computing the strains and deflections of continuous beams
under various conditions of load.. 625-43.
Volume 20 (1861)
Francis Fox. (Paper No. 1032)
On the results of trials of varieties of iron permanent way. 259-74.
Discussion 275-91.
Volume 21 (1861/62)
James Brunlees (Paper 1059)
Railway accidents—their causes and means of prevention. 345-62.
Galton, D.
Railway accidents showing the bearing which existing legislation has upon
them. 363-82. Discussion: 383-424.
Volume 22 (1863)
Makinson, A.W. (Paper 1076)
On some of the internal disturbing forces of locomotive engines. 65-82. (includes
plates and appendix).
Notably those associated with piston movement within the cylinders
and its effect on crank axles.
Volume 23 (1864)
Lloyd, W. Paper 1116
Description of the Santiago and Valparaiso Railway, Chile, South America;
with remarks upon resistances from curves on railways, and upon coal-burning
locomotives. 378-98. Discussion: 399-405
Cross, J. (Paper 1113)
On the structure of locomotive engines for ascending steep inclines in
conjunction with sharp curves. 406-10. Discussion: 428-42.
2-4-2T: White Raven. Participants
to the discussion included C.H. Gregory, C.B. Vignoles, G.H. Phipps, J. Scott
Russell, J.S. Russell, G.W. Hemans, W.H. Barlow, G. Berkley, E. Woods, T.E.
Harrison, J.M. Heppel, J. Hawkshaw, W. Adams, W.B. Adams, and G.P. Bidder.
Adams, William Bridges (Paper 1117)
On the impedimental friction between wheel tire and rails.
According to Ahrons includes description of 2-4-2T White Raven
for St Helens Railway with patented spring tyres.
Volume 24 (1865)
Reilly, Callcott (Paper 1110)
On uniform stress in girder work, illustrated by reference to two bridges
recently built. 391-425. Discussion: 426-57.
The bridges were that carrying the lCentral Argentine Railway over
the River Desmochado, or Carcaraiial, about 30 miles west of the town of
Rosario, and the Horsham and Guildford Railway Bridge over the Wey and Arun
Canal, about 5 miles south of Guildford. The conclusions he sought to establish
were that a comparatively small deviation of the centre of stress upon the
cross section of any bar, of any piece of framework, from the centre of gravity
of that section, produced, within the limits of elasticity, a comparatively
great inequality in the distribution of the stress upon that section; that
the existence of this unequal distribution of the stress must be detrimental
to the strength of any structure in which it existed; that there was no practical
or theoretical difficulty in designing a truss, or girder, in which the stress
upon every cross section of all the important members at all events should
be absolutely uniform; and that the condition of uniform stress was perfectly
consistent with the utmost economy of material. For this Paper, which combined
elaborate theoretical investigation with good practical results, the Author
was awarded the Telford medal and premium.
Tyler, H.W. (Paper 1130)
On the Festiniog Railway for passengers: as a 2-feet gauge, with sharp curves,
and worked by locomotive engines. 359-66. Disc.: 367-90.
Discussion participants included: H.W. Tyler, G.W. Hemans, Sir C.
Fox, P. Bruff, G.W. Phipps, R. Mallet, G.P. Bidder, E. Woods, W. Bridges
Adams, T.E. Harrison, A. Giles, J.J. Allport, Z. Colburn and J.
Brunlees.
Volume 26 (1867)
Tyler, H.W. (Paper 1160)
On the working of steep gradients and sharp curves on railways. 310-24.
Fox, C.D. (Paper 1166)
On light railways in Norway, India and Queensland.
Volume 28 (1869)
Colburn, Z.
American locomotives and rolling stock. 69-75 . Disc.: 385-439.
Swing beam used exclusively under all American passenger carriages,
and for the last eight or nine years more or less extensively adopted directly
for engine bogies. Instead of the weight being taken upon the bogie frame,
it rests upon a series of springs, steel or rubber, placed upon a transverse
beam which is suspended by links from the cross timbers of the bogie
frame-passenger carriage bogies being always made with timber frames. The
transverse beam is thus free to swing endvise, or across the line. Discussion
contributions from W. Bridges Adams, G. Berkley, W.B. Lewis, R.P. Brereton,
W.A. Adams, P.R. Hodge, W. Atkinson, E.A. Cowper, W. Pole, Sir C. Fox , W.
Lloyd, and G.K. Radford.
Volume 29 (1870)
Reilly, Callcott (Paper 1257)
Studies of iron girder bridges, recently executed, illustrating some applications
of the modern theory of the elastic resistance of materials. 403-500.
In this communication it was sought to bring to the notice of engineers
systems of construction embodying an attempt at accurate conformity to scientific
principles, with practical efficiency and economy. His aim also was to afford
to students some examples — of very different types — of systematic
computation and minute study of proportion, illustrating the theory of the
elastic resistance of materials and the practical application of some of
the simpler branches of that theory in a way which it was hoped might be
useful.
Volume: 31 (1871)
Bridges Adams, W.
Train resistance on railways. 358-77. Disc.: 378-414.
Douglas Fox, J.A. Longridge, W. Naylor, G.H. Phipps, J.B. Fell, J.
Clark, G.J. Morrison, W. Atkinson, A.H. Macnair, and C.B.Vignoles contributed
to the discussion. Topics covered included central buffers of type used in
Norway and North America. friction on curves, radial axles and
derailments.
Volume: 32 (1871)
Henry Conybeare (Paper 1233)
Description of viaducts across the estuaries on the line of the Cambrian
Railway. 137-45
Volume 35 (1873)
Thornton, W.T. (Paper 1365)
The relative advantages of the 5ft 6in gauge and of the metre gauge for the
State Railways of India, and particularly for those of the Punjab. 214-28
(including plate).
Volume 37 (1873)
Robinson, J. (Paper 1369)
On modern locomotives, designed with a view to economy, durability, and facility
of repair; together with some particulars of the duty performed, and of the
cost of repairs. 1-14. (includes plate). Discussion: 15-38
Includes observations on GNR, LNWR and GS&WR locomotives. Participnts
included E. Reynolds, F.W. Webb (17-) regarding the Le
Chatelier brake, they had been abandoned altogether, as they were found to
cut the cylinders, although provided with water injection. Mr. Ramsbottom
put them on twenty of the engine s working in the South Wales District, but
the result was unsatisfactory, and they had not been used since. , R. Price
Williams, P. R. Williams, W. Adams (31) said, the differences in the
designs of the various engines referred to were sufficiently accounted for
by the nature of the traffic to be served in each case, the gradients, curves,
and the like. He should not care to run a six-wheeled coupled engine with
a North London Richmond express train. No doubt such an engine would work
the local traffic, but it would not traverse curves in the same easy way
as an engine provided with a bogie. He was glad that experiments were being
tried with a view to reduce the weight of engines, since the saving of a
few tons was a matter of considerable importance. The engines working the
Enfield traffic on the Great Eastern line only burned 22 lbs. of coal per
mile. They weighed 42 tons, and had four wheels coupled, with a bogie behind.
He did not see the advantage of coupling six wheels, as the increased friction
would lessen the advantage derived from the diminished weight., E. Slaughter,
T. Hawksley, E. Woods, J. Tomlinson and H. Appleby. It is probable that James
Stirling noted how he had been able to build single locomotives with 15-ton
axle loads because of the high quaility steel rails used on the GNR (requires
verification at a "library").
. .
Volume 38 (1874 )
Rapier, R.C.
On the fixed signals of railways. 142-89. Discussion: 190-247
Topics discussed included interlocking and fog signalling. Participants
included D.A. Carr, A.R. Poole, W.L. Owen, C.H. Gregory, J. Dixon, R. Burn,
R. Johnson, A. Chambers, F. Fox, W.H. Preece, W.H. Barlow and R. Price Williams
Fox, C.D and Fox, F. .
The Pennsylvania Railroad; with remarks on American railway construction
and management. 62-88. Discussion: 89-123.
Participants in the discussion included F.W. Webb, T.W. Wordsell,
M. Longridge, P. Williams, W. Stanley, W.B. Lewis, J. Fernie and E.A. Cowper.
Volume 41 (1875)
Findlay, G. (Paper 1419)
The working of railways. 1-18.
Webb (43-5) maintained that additional
lines between London and Rugby were necessary. Goods could not be delivered
at midnight, and passengers would not travel just when the company chose
to- take them. The company had to put on trains to suit the public; and taking
into account the excursion trains in the summer, and the special trains,
working as they did with the block system, he' did not see how many more
could be run on two rails. If Mr. Rapier would observe the relief afforded
by the third lines between Bletchley and London and Rugby and Nuneaton, he
would, if he were traffic manager, be glad of the additional lines about
to be made. With regard to the proposal to limit the trains to the power
of one engine, those who made it could know but little of railway working.
On arriving at the bottom of Shapfell, the alternative would be to divide
the express into two parts, and put on two engines, and then at the top to
reunite them. But the traffic could not be worked in that way. During twenty-five
years he had not heard of a single accident to a passenger or a servant from
the practice of putting' an engine behind the train . to 'help it up the
incline, and he therefore thought it would be foolish to alter the system.
The shunting sidings would relieve the vast number of engines on the London
and North Western system that were doing nothing but shunting, for which
no credit was given in the record of work done.' In comparing' the locomotive
expenses on the North-Western with those of other lines, it became a moot
question, what was a train mile? His chairman took good care that he should
manufacture none. If he had to employ two engines for a train he was only
allowed mileage for one. There were one hundred and seventy-one engines employed
on the line in shunting, for which he had no credit in train mileage. The
train miles were calculated on the actual distances run by the trains, pure
and simple. When the proposed shunting sidings were formed he hoped there
would be a marked difference in the locomotive expenses. The actual weight
of the trains was not shown in the reports. A passenger carriage was calculated
at 5 tons, its real weight being 10¼ tons without the passengers. The
calculated weight of an empty wagon was 3 tons, of a full wagon 6 tons, and
of a mineral wagon 8 tons: the weight of a mineral wagon, however, when full,
was 13 tons, and the others in proportion. He had taken out the work done
by the small type of wheel (5 feet 6 inches) employed on the line since May
1874 for the express trains between Crewe and Carlisle. Accepting the guard's
statements as to the weight of the train, it seemed that he had made a powerful
engine for very little' purpose. The average weight, according to the guard's
statement, was 59.6 tons, the number of carriages 11.7, consumption of coal
per mile 32.2 lbs.; but the actual weight was 140 tons, besides the engine
and tender. Government had given a standard for railway accounts, and he
thought there should also be a standard for train mileage and the weight
of loads hauled; comparative statements would then be of some value. The
first small-wheel engine took the royal train in May 1874, and had been'
in constant use ever since. When recently brought into the shop, after running
35,000 miles, no repairs were wanted, and to all appearance it· would
run another 35,000 miles before requiring any. He should be glad to hear
what could be said with regard to the opposite system, viz., a great weight
upon one pair of wheels of very large diameter-a system he believed that
did more harm to the permanent way than a greater weight for adhesion equally
distributed between two pairs., From his own experience he was inclined to
believe that an engine with four small wheels was best adapted to the working
of heavy express traffic. 'I'he engine with wheels 5 feet 6 inches in diameter
was made for the exceptional gradients between Crewe. and Carlisle. He found
that to take the same train to London the engine with wheels 6 feet 6 inches
in diameter did the work most efficiently. The first of those engines was
now running; and before the 1st of May he hoped to have all the heavy express
trains between Crewe and London worked with that class of locomotive. With
reference to the question of break-power, about which railway oompanies were
supposed to be indifferent, if they adopted any one system, and used it for
ordinary stoppages, he felt certain that they would some day fail. The plan
on the London and North-Western line was to have a break on the tender, under
the control of the driver, another on the guard's van, under the control
of the guard, and an extra break (Clark's) under the control of both guard
and driver, but not to be used for ordinary stoppages .. In approaching a
terminal station like Euston, King's Cross, or. St. Pancras, if the drivers
were accustomed to the continuous breaks, capable of stopping the train in
¼ mile, what would be the consequence of the breaks on any occasion
becoming inoperative? He thought the regulation of the London and North-Western
railway a., wise one. A t the first stoppage of the down train a Willesden
the extra break was ascertained to be in working order, and then, for all
the usual stoppages, the ordinary break was relied upon: On the Metropolitan,
where there were more stations than miles of line, the extraordinary working
might require extraordinary means.
Volume 42 (1875)
Smith, J.T.
On Bessemer steel rails. 69-75.
Volume 44 (1876)
Gabriel James Morrison (Paper 1448)
The ventilation and working of railway tunnels. 118-49
Volume 46 (1876)
Cudworth, W. (Paper 1406)
On sorting trains by gravitation. 19-26.
Mehods used at Shildon, NER.
Harrison, J.T. (Paper 1421)
On railway statistics. 27-33.
Browne, Walter Raleigh (Paper 1476)
On the construction of railway wagons with special reference to economy in
dead weight. 81-99.
Adams, William Alexander. (Paper 1472)
Railway rolling stock capacity, in relation to the dead weight of vehicles.
100-5.
Clark, D.K. (Paper 1486)
The evaporative performance of steam boilers. 242-73
paper cited by Longridge
Volume 47 (1877)
W.W. Beaumont. The fracture of railway tires. 43-60. Discussion:
61-9
British paper presumably on metallic tyres
Volume 48 (1877)
McDonnell, A.
The repairs and renewals of locomotives. 2-34 . Disc.: 35-73.
Participants in discussion included: R.P. Williams, W. Adams, J.
Armstrong, H. Hughes, Stirling, Sir J. Hawkshaw, E. Woods, Kirtley, D. Drummond,
J. Head, G.R. Stephenson
Wragge, E.
Canadian narrow gauge railways. 252-6.
Volume 50 (1877)
Robinson Souttar
Street tramways. 1-26. Discussion: 27-58
Longitudinal sleepers laid on a Portland cement foundation
H. Bell
The Rajpootana (State) Railway. 149-56
Metre gauge
Volume 52 (1878)
Longridge, James Atkinson (1534)
On the evaporative power of locomotive boilers. 101-28. Discussion 137-76.
Queried whether the air through the fire-door over the fuel, as in
the case of coal-burning engines, or whether the whole of the air for the
support of combustion came through the fire-bars : author favoured the latter.
Participants in the discussion included: E. Woods, D.K. Clark, E. Reynolds,
V.G. Bell, W.R. Browne and I. Olrick.
James Atkinson Longridge (1534A)
On the action of the blast-pipe on locomotive engines. 129-36.
Addendum to Paper 1534. Cited paper by himself: Trans. North England
Inst. Mining Engrs., 1, 165. Argued that not impulsive as claimed
by Gurney. Cited Nicholas Woods Trans. North England Inst. Mining
Engrs., 1, 71 et seq. In the Discussion Crampton described
experiments to establish firebox temperatures. E. Woods noted experiments
with de Pambour on LNWR? in 1836 on boilers of Liverpool Tunnnel engines.
In 1853 there were supplementary experiments on Stephenson
long-boilers.
Volume 53 (1878)
David Kinnear Clark
(Paper 1585)
On the strength of flat plates and segmental ends of boilers and other cylinders.
170-92..
Volume 62 (1880)
Shaw, H.S. Hele
Small motive power. 290-333.
Student paper: steam and alternatives including compressed air,
hydraulics, electricity and internal combustion.
Volume 63 (1881)
Joseph Prime Maxwell. (Paper 1696)
New Zealand Government Railways. 50-62.
Volume 72 (1883)
Fernie, J.
Mild steel for the fireboxes of locomotive engines in the USA.. 84-96. Disc.:
97-130; Correspondence: 130-4.
Contributors to the discussion: A.B.W. Kennedy, E. Reynolds, J.N.
Paxman, S.E. Howell, Sir F. Bramwell, J.L. Thornycroft, A. M'Connell, S.
Fox, J.C. Park, T.W. Wordsell, Sir J. Hawkshaw, T.R. Crampton, D. Joy, and
G. Berkley. Correspondents: D. Banderali, T.N. Ely, D.H.O. Neale, C.P. Sandberg,
C. Weston Smith, and F.W. Webb.
Clark, D.K. (Paper 1910)
On the beahaviour of steam in cylinders of locomotives during expansion.
275-99.
Volume 79 (1884)
Thompson, A.M.
[tie-gauges for facing points].
Cited by W. Wolfe in
Modellers'
Backtrack
Volume 80 (1885)
Smart, D.S.
The modern practice in the construction of steam boilers. 100-30. Disc.:
131-77. Correspondence: 177-87.
Participants to the discussion included F.W. Webb
(who discussed steel fireboxes), W.C. Unwin, J.N. Paxman, J.I. Thornycroft,
L.E. Fletcher, A.B.W. Kennedy, J.F. Farquharson, R.C. Longridge, E.A. Cowper,
E.B. Marten, and S. Fox. Correspondence from G.P. Culverwell, J. Hayes, C.H.
Moberly, H. Olrich, R.H. Tweddell, and J.J. Webster.
Webb, F.W.
Standard engine shed of the London and North Western Railway Company. 258-9
+ plate at back of volume.
Rugby was the exemplar.
Baker, Benjamin (Paper 2054)
The Metropolitan and Metropolitan District Railways. 1-33.
Barry, John Wolfe (Paper No. 2069)
The City Lines and Extensions (Inner Circle completion) of the Metropolitan
and Metropolitan District Railways. 34-51. Disc.: (both papers) 52-74.
H. Michell Whitley (72-5) suggested the use of oil fuel for the
locomotives to reduce smoke problem.
Stroudley, William (Paper 2027)
The construction of locomotive engines, with some results of the working
of those on the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway. 76-108. Disc.:
109-65.
See Stroudley: The paper includes
a folding plate giving outline drawings of calsses A,B,C,D,E, and G classes,
and another folding plate giving a detailed general arrangement drawing of
a class B 0-4-2: information on tests are also included. The discussion included
Webb (135) noting a Shareholders' Audit Committee had criticised his use
of black for locomotives and his response that he would give them gold lining
when a dividend of 10% was paid. McDonnell (138) noted the superiority of
hydraulic riveting over hand riveting. He also commented on crank axles.
Adams (142) noted the problems associated with feed water heating and also
commented on radial axles. D. Joy (163) questionned blast pipe diameters
and noted that the height of it above the level of the tubes had an influence
on fuel consumption.
Webb, F.W.
Description of steel permanent way, as used on the London and North-Western
Railway. 299-301. (Paper No. 2080.)
steel sleepers
Thompson A.M.
The signalling of the London and North-Western Railway. 166-88.
Discussion: 189-219.
Participants in the discussion included F.W. Webb, J.S. Farmer, C.E.
Spagnoletti, I.A, Timmis, T. Blackall, J.W. Fletcher, G. Edwards, C. Hodgson,
J.C. Park, H.O. Fisher, and R.C. Rapier, Henry Johnson, W. Langdon, A. J.
Hamilton-Smythe, and R. Price-Williams
Reynolds, O.
On the theory of the indicator and the errors in indicator diagrams. 1-19.
Stroudley, William
Electric-lighting for railway-trains. 329-32.
Volume 84 (1886)
Harry Erleigh Footner. (Paper 2172)
On the wear of steel rails..436-8.
Ox the London and North-Western Railway in 1877 iron rails were credited
to the district takenout of the line in relaying at 74 lbs. per lineal yard,
an average loss of 10 lbs. on the original weight. At the present time 64-lb.
steel rails are credited at 66 lbs. The stronger and purer metal retains
form, and the rail its generally remains uniform on the head from end to
end, until it is considered too light for a safe or easy running
road...
Volume 86 (1886)
Francis Fox. (Paper 2165)
The Mersey Railway. 40-59; Discussion 80-113.
Volume 90 (1887)
Thomas Holmes Perry. (Paper 2270)
Notes upon railway construction in the River Plate, Argentine Republic. 252-4.
Francis John Waring. (Paper 2224)
On the extension of the Ceylon Government Railway from Nawalapitiya to Nanu
Oxa. 319-29.
Alfred John Hill (Students' Paper No. 218)
The use of cast steel in locomotive-engines. 358-65.
A.C. Hurtzig
The Alexandra Dock, Hull. 144–163. Discussion 164-76. Communications:
176-86.
W.S. Wilson
Covered way as constructed on the Glasgow City and District Railway. 288–91
D. Drummond
On the heating of carriages by exhaust steam on the Caledonian Railway. 294-8.
A.W. Metcalfe
Classification of continuous railway brakes. 315-35.
Student paper
Willans, P.W.
Economy trials of a non-condensing steam-engine: simple, compound and triple.
128-88.
Arthur Ayres (Paper 2318)
Compressed oil gas and its applications.. 298-417
Aspinall, J.A.F.
The friction of locomotive slide valves. 167-78. Correspondence 194.
Favoured cast iron valves, rather than brass which were difficult
to operate at high pressures. Correspondence from J.C. Park: paper discussed
later.
Gilbert Macintyre Hunter (Paper No. 2233)
The manufaoture of oil-gas on the Pintsch System, and its application to
the lighting of railway-carriages.
The object of this Paper to the Institution. was to make the process
of oil-gas manufacture better understood and appreciated, rather than to
bring forward facts previously unknown. Generally, the gas is made from
once-refined paraffin oil in cast iron retorts, the tar is removed, the gas
condensed, washed, and purified, and then passed to the gasometer, from which
it is drawn by compression pumps, and forced into cylindrical holders. At
the Cook Street (Bridge Street Station, Glasgow) Gasworks, which supplies
the Caledonian Railway, the arrangement was as follows: in the retort-house
there were two sets of benches that could be worked alternately. also an
upright, boiler for supplying steam to a duplicate set of compressing pumps.
In the purifying-house were the condensers, washer, a double set of purifiers,
and the metcr: while the storage cylinders were in a separate house at a.
short distance, The Caledonian Railway had another gasworks at Perth to supplying
the northern section of the railway. Reference to Arthur Ayres. Compressed
oil gas and its applications.. Min. Proc. Instn Civ.
Engrs., 1888, 93, 298-417. (Paper 2318)
Worthington, E.
The compound principle applied to locomotives. 2-49. Disc.: 50-101.
Communications: 101-19.
Contributors to the discussion: R.H. Lapage, F.W. Webb, J.C. Park,
W. Adams, W. Stroudley, J. Holden, T.W. Worsdell, T.G. Iveson, D. Joy, E.
Reynolds, J.I. Thornycroft, Sir F. Bramwell, P.W. Willans, A.B.W. Kennedy,
J.A.F. Aspinall and E. Cowper. Communications were received from W.H. Booth,
A. Von Borries, D. Drummond, R. Edwards, S.W. Johnson, A. Mallet, J. Manson,
W. Marriott, J. Stirling, and R. Wilson,
Carruthers, J. (Paper No. 2375)
The Trincheras Steep Incline on the Puerto Cabello and Valencia Railway,
Venezuela. 120-30.
Discussion: 145-71. Communications: 172-9.
Wilson, R. Cost of working the Hartz Mountain Railway. 131-6.
Maxwell, J.P. Further information on the working of the Fell System
of traction on the Rimutaka Incline, New Zealand. (Includes appendix;
bibliography of papers relating to the working of steep inclines and to the
construction and working of mountain railways.). 137-44.
Contributors to discussion: R. Wilson, C. Fairholme, J.W. Grover,
W. Martineau, Sir G.B. Bruce, E. Woods, J.B. Fell, E.E. Sawyer, D.M. Fox,
J.R. Mosse, E. Pritchard and J.W.M. Watson. Communications were received
from: R. Abt, P.A. Fraser, A. McDonnell, T.M. Rymer Jones, A. Schneider,
and W. Smith.
Volume 99 (1890)
Polonceau, E.
Compound locomotives. 292-6.
Paris Orleeans Railway: described locomotives fitted with Wassner
exhaust system
Volume 103 (1891)
John Milne and John McDonald (Paper No.
2468)
On the vibratory movements of locomotives, and on timing trains and testing
railway tracks. 47-67. Discussion 68-115. Correspondence 115-20.
Contributors to the discussion included W. Marriott, F. Bramwell,
W.W. Beaumont and R.M. Moir. J.A.F. Aspinall, D.K. Clark and J.C. Park sent
letters.
Frederick Ewart Robertson.(Paper No. 2475)
The Lansdowne Bridge over the Indus at Sukkur. 123-34.
Langdon, W.
On railway-train lighting. 127-50. Discussion 150-65.
Author was Telegraph Engineer on Midland Railway. Discussion participants
included: J.P. Rickman, F.W. Cooke, W.F. Pettigrew, W.H. Preece, E.R. Dolby,
W.T. Lord, A. Rigg, Sir F. Bramwell, T.H. Riches, C. Hawksley, and W.M.
Acworth.
Volume: 108 (1892)
Fox, F. (Paper 2565)
The Hawarden Bridge. 304-17.
Volume 109 (!892)
E.L. Hill. (Student Paper 307)
The speed and power of locomotives. 354-68.
Volume 114 (1893)
Willans, P.W.
Steam engine trials. 2-54.
Paper in which "Willans Lines" defined.
Volume 117 (1894)
Thomas Parker (Paper No. 2764)
The Electrical Equipment of the Liverpool Overhead Railway. 71-84
Volume 122 (1894/5)
Hill, A.J. (Paper No. 2820)
Repairs and renewal of railway rolling stock. 224-64.
Based on GER practice, but also includes data from other
railways.
Stewart, Angus Matheson (Student Paper No. 357)
The Glasgow District Subway. 355-62.
Volume 123 (1895/6)
Greathead, James Henry (Paper 2873)
The City and South London Railway; with some remarks about subaqueous tunnelling
by shield and compressed air. 39-72. Disc.: 74-123.
Participants to the discussion included both Barlow and Benjamin Baker.
The costs of tunnelling for the Glasgow Subway, Waterloo & City Railway
and the Blackwall Tunnel are also included.
Rowlandson, Charles Arthur (Paper 2839)
The Bold Street Extension Tunnel and Central Low-level Station of the Mersey
Railway. 357-68.
Volume 124 (1895/6)
Szlumper, Alfred Weeks (Paper No. 2858)
The reconstruction and widening of Barnes Bridge, L & S W Ry. 309-22.
Volume 125 (1895/6)
Adams, William and William Frank Pettigrew (Paper
2755)
Trials of an express locomotive. 282-95.
Outside cylinder 4-4-0 with 175 psi was tseted on 9 July 1891 between
Waterloo and Bournemouth (and back). On 10/11 it was tested from Waterloo
to Exeter and back, and on 13 July from Waterloo to Salisbury. Notes that
further information about the locomotive was give in Engineer, 1895,
129, 244. (the completeness of this citation is commendable).
Head, J.
Manufacturing steel plates and four American rolling mills. 132-55. Discussion:.
1896, 126, 166-79.
Participants in discussion included Sir B. Baker, F.W. Webb, J. Wolfe
Barry, Sir W. White, T. Wrightson, A. Mcdonnell, and J.H.R. Whinfield.
Volume 127 (1896/97)
Drummond, Dugald (Paper No. 2497)
An investigation into the use of progressive high pressures in non-compound
locomotive engines. 218-47.
"The design of the cylinders is a departure from the normal arrangement
with a central valve-face. The steam ports were moved to the cylinder-ends,
and the slide valve was divided, each having its own exhaust port. In this
way the port-clearance was reduced to a minimum, and a reduction in back
pressure was affected. The weight of the valve, however, was increased by
70 per cent. The exhaust passages were increased so that the belt from the
lower and top valves extended along the whole length of the cylinder thus
forming an exhaust steam jacketed cylinder. The blast pipe which was of the
vortex-type, had likewise a large exhaust capacity with a nozzle equal to
a 4 in opening.
Having noted that this led a free running engine Drummond went
on:
"During part of the running of engine No. 76, five expansions were
made, the efficiency increasing to the highest point. As the whole question
of engine-economy resolves itself into the number of times steam can be expanded,
and as in this case five expansions were within the economical limit in a
single cylinder, compounding within this limit appears to be
unnecessary.
If, however, the thermal and dynamical conditions of the non-compound
are superior to the compound engine, how is it that those who favour the
latter system have attained superior results? The reply must be that the
two systems have been compared on a fair basis. In the first place, the boiler
pressure of the compound locomotive has usually been higher. In the second
place, the driver of the compound engine is obliged to keep up the boiler
pressure, as there must be considerably less range of cylinder pressure than
in the non-compound engines which can expand steam as low as one-and-a-quarter
times, and all starting from stations is so done – whereas the compound
locomotive cannot expand less than two-and-a-half times. This reduction of
range in the power of the latter engine is undoubtedly the cause of reduced
coal consumption over what is due to higher boiler pressure. Other things
being equal, coal consumption is the measure of the work done by an engine,
and if the compound engine cannot run so fast in express traffic, or has
to be assisted on up-gradients, the result should not be credited to increased
efficiency. The Author is of the opinion that that in a comparative trial
of the simple and compound systems, the boiler pressure should be alike.
The minimum number of expansions should be alike, and the low-pressure cylinder
of the compound engine should be equal to the combined areas of the non-compound
cylinders. On this common basis only should the trials be conducted.
Volume 129 (1896/97)
Dunn, Peter Livingstone (Paper 2696)
The St Rollox Locomotive and Carriage Works of the Caledonian Railway. 286-308.
Aspinall, John Audley Frederick (Paper
3009)
The Horwich Locomotive Works of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. 309-16.
Volume 130 (1897)
Thow, William (Paper 3016)
The security of some locomotive fire-boxes. 1-12. Disc.: 18-24.
Aspinall, John Audley Frederick (Paper
3052)
The friction of locomotive slide-valves. 13-17. Disc.: 18-24.
F.W. Webb (21-4)
Webb, F.W.
Permanent way. 178.
Engineering Conference, 25th May 1897, Railways: design of deep fishplates
and fishplate chairs.
Aspinall, J.A.
Engineering Conference, 26th May 1897 Machinery and Transmission of Power.
Petroleum as steam-engine fuel. (Abstract). 196
Advantages claimed were that it was easily turned on and off, and
was smokeless and portable. With proper precautions fire-box plates were
not injured.The theoretical evaporative values for different kinds of oil
were compared with coal.
Volume 131 (1897/98)
Callender, Hugh Longbourne and John Thomas
Nicolson
On the law of condensation of steam, deduced from measurements of
temperature-cycles of the walls and steam in the cylinder of a steam-engine.
147-206
Volume 132 (1897/98)
Dalby, William Ernest (Paper 3030)
A new transmission dynamometer. 47-54, Disc.: 55-6.
Thow, W.
The security of some locomotive fire boxes. 1-12. Discussion (see note below):
18-31; 31-45.
The discussion and correspondence was considered with the Aspinall
paper on the friction of slide valves and received the title: The friction
of locomotive slide valves and the security of fire-boxes. Participants included
both Aspinall and Webb and Sir D. Fox, C.S. Stromeyer, A. McDonnell, E.
Worthington, W. Schonheyder, B. Blount B, A. Von Borries, P. Bright, D. Drummond,
G. Du Bousquet, F. Grover, A. Mallet, J.F. Mcintosh, E. Polonceau, G.H.
Sheffield, A. Theurer, J.D. Twinberrow
Marshall, William Prime
Evolution of the locomotive engine. 241-301.
Paper was awarded George Stephenson Medal
(Marshall). Histoical survey: included
continuous brakes and need for accuracy of adjustment in the brake-blocks.
A steam brake has frequently been applied to the engine, giving the means
of promptly applying the whole brake power of the engine by simply opening
the cock of the steam-brake cylinder. This was at first found to act too
suddenly, and has been modified by the application of a regulating valve
that allows the brake to be applied gradually by a screw like an ordinary
brake. The early engines had no shelter for the men except the fire-box.
Some contributions to discussion by Webb, McIntosh and Dugald Drummond are
listed as addenda
Webb, F.W.
Particulars of various parts of recent London and North Western locomotives.
302-05. Addendum.
McIntosh, J.F.
Particulars of various parts, and run, of a recent express passenger engine,
built for the Caledonian Railway Company. 306-10.
Addendum. Groove is formed in the tyre, and a similar one in the rim
of the wheel. A ring of U section is accurately fitted into these two grooves,
and is held in position by laying over a lip formed on inside of tire. The
coupling-rod is of I girder section. The coupling-rod cranks hare a throw
of 10 inches as against 13 inches connecting-rod for crank. shortening The
brake-blocks are suspended in front of the driving- and
trailing-wheels.
Drummond, D.
Particulars of the most recent parts of the London and South Western Railway
Company's engines. 311-15
Steam-chest valve. Release-valves with links passing through the spring
axis, and screwed at the lower ends for adjustment. These were first introduced
in 1875, and were coming into general use. For the steam-chest a displacement
lubricator without sight feed, but with a regulating valve and index showing
the number of drops passing per minute, is fixed inside the cab.
Fowler, H.
Calcium carbide and acetylene. 1-33. Discussion: 24-65.
Paper awarded Telford Premium
Volume 136 (1899)
William George Kirkaldy.
The effects of wear upon steel rails, 141-73. Discussion: 177-231.
Harry Erleigh Footner
The most expeditious method of relaying the railways of this country involving
the least interuption of traffic, having regard to safety and economy.
380-2
Second Metropolitan Engineering Conference, 9 June 1899
Webb, F.W.
Compound locomotives. 406-11.
Second Metropolitan Engineering Conference, 7 June 1899. Notes Introducing
Subjects for Discussion. Section III - Machinery.
For many years the weights and speeds of passenger trains had been continually
on the increase with ehed inevitable result of a demand for more powerful
and quicker running locomotives to haul them. In 1878 he converted one of
the old engines into a compound on the Mallet system which he worked for
about five years on the Ashby and Nuneaton branch. The resultsx were so
satissfactory that he designed an entirely new mode of the compound principle
which enabled him to dispense with coupling rods without losing the advantages
of their use. He was also able bto increrase the size of the axle bearings
and other wearing parts wwhilst retaining single frames. He used two high
pressure pressures which were outside the frames and drove the back pair
of wheels. The one low pressure cylinder was inside the frames and drove
the front driving axle. The locomotive was built in 1881-82 and named
Experiment. The high pressure cylinders were 11½in in diameter,
and the low pressure on 26in: they shared a stroke of 24in. The driving wheels
were 6ft 6in and Joy's valve gear was used. The results obtained were so
satisfactory that 29 further engines were built, but with high pressure cylinders
of 13in diameter. The total mileage for this class between April 1882 and
the end of February 1899 was 15 million miles, or more than 33,000 miles
per engine per annum. The coal consumption was slightly over 34 lbs per engine
mile.
In 1884 the Dreadnought class was introduced for Euston to Carlisle traffic.
These had two high pressure cylinders of 14in diameter and one low pressure
cylinder of 30in diameter with a common stroke of 24in. The driving wheels
were 6ft 3in diameter and the boiler pressure 175 psi. Joy's valve gear was
used. Forty engines wsere in service with a total mileage to the end of February
1899 of 18.68 million miles, or over 37,000 miles per engine with an average
coal consumption per engine of 39.4 lbs per mile.
To meet increasing speeds the Teutonic class was introduced in 1889. These
were similar to the Dreadnought class, but with 7ft 1in driving wheels. The
high pressure cylinders were actuated by Joy's valve gear, but the low pressure
cylinder was actuated by a single loose eccentric and a rocking lever. The
Jeannie Deans was shown at the Edinburgh Exhibition in 1890 and had
since worked the 14.00 corridor dining car train from Euston to Crewe returning
with the 19.32 corresponding up train. Until the end of February 1899 the
locomotive had worked over 5 million miles with an average coal consumption
of 37.9 lbs per mile.
In 1891 the Greater Britain class was introduced for the heavy and fast traffic
between Euston and Carlisle, The high pressure cylinders were 15in in diameter,
and the low pressure cylinder 30in with a common 24in stroke. Both pairs
of the 7ft 1in driving wheels were placed in front of the firebox to obtain
a more even distribution of the weight upon them. There were two high pressure
cylinders of 15in diameter and one low pressure cylinder of 30in diameter
with a common stroke of 24in. Once again a loose eccentric was used to actuate
the low pressure cylinnder. The long boiler barrel of 18ft 6in was divided
into sections with a combustion chamber in between. This was fitted with
a steam blast device to clean the tubes. On 4 November 1891 Greater
Britain hauled 25 empty coaches from Crewe to London at an average speed
of 44½ mile/h. Nine further locomotives of this type were built including
Queen Empress exhibted at the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893. By
the end of February 1899 the class had accumulated 2.7 million miles: an
average of 54,454 miles per locomotive and used an average of 38.7lbs of
coal per mile.
TTo increase freight haulage capacity an eight coupled compound locomotive
was introduced. All three cylinders drove the second coupled axle: the high
pressure cylinders were outside the frames, but their valve chests and the
low pressure cylinders were inside the frames. The high pressure crank pins
were set at right angles to each other and thee low pressure cylinder was
connected to a centre crank set at 135° to the high pressure crank pins.
81 of these locomotives were in service between Crewe and Leeds, Crewe and
Carlisle, Liverpool and Carlisle and in South Wales. The average annual mileage
was 28,331 and coal consumption 53.4lbs per mile
In 1894 the John Hick class was introduced for hauling heavy [passenger
trains in the Northern Division. These were similar to the Greater Britain
type except in having 6ft 3in driving wheels. Ten were built and averaged
48,868 miles per annum with a coal consumption of 44.8 lbs coal per mile.
The Black Prince class had two high pressure and two low pressure cylinders:
the high pressure ones were 15in diameter and the low pressure 20½in
diameter with a common 24in stroke. All drove onto one axle and employed
two sets of Joy's valve gear with high pressure cylinders being actuated
through levers. The boiler pressure was 200 psi and the rear wheels (behind
the firebox) were coupled to the driving wheels. Black Prince entered
service on 2 August 1897 and worked the 17.02 up dining saloon express non-stop
to Willesden and returned on the 23.50 "Scotch" sleeper non-stop to Crewe.
On the 8 June 1899 a special train was run for the Institution's members
from Euston (depart 09.50) non-stop to Crewe (arrive 13.10) hauled by Iron
Duke, a four-cylinder compound with four couple wheels. The coupled wheels
were 7ft 1in diameter. The high pressure cylinders were 15in diameter and
the low pressure 20½ diameter with a common 24in. stroke. The total
heating surface was 1379.6ft2 and the grate area 20.52.
The boiler pressure was 200 psi.
William Dean and Aspinall contributed to the discussion.
Volume 142
Bidder, Frederick W.
The Great Central Railway extension: Northern Division. Proc. Instn Civ.
Eng., 142 (4), 5-13 (Paper No. 3227)
Volume 143 (1901)
Hobson, G.A. and Wragge, E.
The Metropolitan Terminus of the Great Central Railway. 84 –113, (Paper
No. 3249),
Volume 144 (1901)
Cottrell, S.B.
Signalling on the Liverpool Overhead Railway. 16-22. Disc.: 23-40
Contributors to the discussion included: J. Mansergh, A.W. Szlumper,
F.E. Robertson, A.M. Johnson, W.J. Griffiths, W.S. Boult, G.C. Allingham,
R.E. Cooper, F.W. Webb, and Sir W. Preece.
Volume 145 (1901)
W.J. Weightman
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway. 1-19. Discussion 20-38
Horace Bell, consulatant to the railway showed photographs of
it.
Volume 146 (1901)
Gabriel James Morrison (Paper 3283)
On some applications of transition curves. 202-6
Volume 147 (1901/2)
Aspinall, John. (Paper No.
3280.)
Train resistance. 155-93. Discussion: 196-259. Correspondence: 260-77.
Webb contributed to the discussion mentioning the LNWR four-wheel
dynamometer car: he noted the effects of wind. Correspondents: P.H. Dudley,
F.A. Lart, R. Price Williams, T.H. Riches, E. Sauvage, S. Smith. Page 238
J.C. Inglis on coned tyres for rolling stock.
Volume 148 (1902)
Mordey, W.M. and Jenkins, B.M.
Electric traction on railways. 40-86. Discussion: 87-170. Correspondence:
170-99.
Discussion participants included: C. Hawksley, R.E.B. Crompton, A. Siemens, P. Dawson, H.A. Mavor, P. Cardew, W.H. Massey, W.H. Molesworth, A. Lupton, C.E. Webber, J.S. Raworth, R. Hammond, A.B.W. Kennedy and F.W. Webb. Correspondents included C.E.L. Brown, A.B. Chatwood, P.W. D'alton, D. Drummond (who remarked that it was not a question as between steam and electricity - neither excluded the other), E. Huber, G. Kapp, O. Lasche, J.N. Shoolbred, E.C. Thrupp, and B.H. Thwaite
Marchbanks, J.
Note on the use of 'Serve' steel tubes in a high pressure locomotive boiler,
and their efficiency as compared with that of plain iron tubes. 245-9.
Volume 150 (1902)
Webb, F.W. (Paper No. 3346)
Locomotive firebox stays. Disc. 87-112.114-46.
John A.F. Aspinall (115-16) mentioned Hoy's experiment with circular
firebox which eliminated stays, steel stays were appropriate for low speeds,
but copper was essential for higher speeds; J.M. Dobson (116-21) stressed
the advantages of Belpaire fireboxes, and arsenic leveles in copper; W.C.
Unwin (121-2) commented on indentation tests; Woodford Pilkington (122) advocated
aluminium copper stays; S.B. Tritton (122-3) noted rivetting problems; Sir
Frederick Bramwell (123) cited the boiler explosion on HMS Thunderer and
the need to test models to destruction; Druitt Halpin (123) noted the difficulty
of this. Webb (124-5) replied to these observations: copper stays on an 0-6-0
achieved 261,000 miles whilst copper zinc stays on a similar locomotive achieved
285,000 miles. Arsenic levels had to be limited. Webb noted that having been
in charge of 3,000 boilers on the LNWR with 2.5 million stays the "position
was not exactly a bed of roses. Ramsbottom observed the importance of keeping
iron stays tight.
In Correspondence T. Andrews referred to copper aluminium rod, and
the enlargement of crystal grains if the temperature was below redness. He
cited papers on the effect of temperature on the strength of railway axles
in Min. Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs., Volumes: 87 page 340; 104 page 180
and 105 page 161. du Bousquet (126-8) noted the number of failures for copper
manganese stays at 185 compared with 986 for copper. This was over 3.5 million
miles. The copper manganese stays achieved double the mileage and were fifty
times more reliable. Copper manganese should b used where breakage was most
probable. D. Drummond (128-9) commented on experiments with bronze stay bolts.
Careless workmanship had led to leaks. There was need for a tapered drift.
Soft copper was the most suitable. Samuel W. Johnson (129-36) commented on
the analysis of stays. Higher pressures led to the need for a greater thickness
of steel and copper plate. Poor water caused problems and imurities in the
copper led to grooves. W. Leighton Jordan (136). David Joy (136-7) noted
that corrosion of firebox stays was caused by magnesium sulphate in the water.
F.A. Lart (137-41) was critical of the limitations of the paper. W.P. Marshall
(141) commented on overheating: the boiler was projected 170 ft in the
Knottingley accident of 11 March 1901. F.H. Trevithick (141-4) commented
upon the problems experiences on the Egyptian State Railways.
Webb in reply (144-6) to the Correspondence, stated that, refered
to Andrews's remarks on the enlargement of crystalline structure of the
copper-aluminium rolled rod (Figs, 25. and 26, Plate 5) when submitted to
a temperature below redness for a short time, he had found that a similar
result was obtained if the alloy were subjected to a temperature of 350°F.
to 400°F, a longer period. The crystal grains of the copper-aluminium
stay (Fig. 12, Plate 4) used in the temperature experiments, after it had
been in use 4½ months, had increased considerably in size, especially
towards the furnace end of the stay. The good results obtained by the use
of copper-manganese stays for high-pressure steam boilers on the Northern
Railway of France were certainly instructive, and worthy of the consideration
of locomotive engineers. He understood, however, that the heads of the stays
of this alloy did not wear so well as copper ones in the immediate vicinity
of, the fire, but in the upper part of the box, away from the fire heat of
the burning coals, they wore satisfactorily1.t In regard to Drummond's
experience of the temperature inside the fire-box the Author had occasionally
found the surface of the copper pIates in the vicinity of the brick arch,
melted by the intense heat of' furnace, and the copper run down in the form
of tears, when coal high in fixed carbon was used, indicating a. temperature
of fully 2,000°F. on the surface of the plates: and the actual temperature
of the flame would be considerably higher. He had to thank Mr. Johnson for
his valuable contribution to the discussion. The sample of pure copper tested
by that gentleman was very similar in composition to the special copper rod
tested by him, and he though Johnson also was giving it a practical trial.
He anticipated that the result would be perfectly satisfactory. The copper-nickel
alloy had not come under his notice, but the results of. Johnson's mechanical
tests of this material were very good and it should, he thought, answer
satisfactorily, provided a good joint and head were made. Although grooves
undoubtedly added flexibility to a stay when it was clean, there existed
a doubt in his mind as to whether the filling of the grooves with hard boiler
scale would not considerably, if not entirely, reduce the flexibility gained
by grooving. Consequently he had never considered grooved stays worthy of
a trial. The hardness of the copper alloys referred to by Mr. Jordan necessitated
heavy blows being struck- to form the head, consequently the threads were
damaged or the holes distorted, as clearly shown in the riveting-tests. The
analysis of the mild-steel stay and copper plate shown in Fig. 30, Plate
5, indicated that that stay was of the same composition as that given on
p. 111. The copper plate had not been analyzed completely, but had been tested
only for the hardening ingredient, arsenic, of which it contained 0.55 per
cent. In fact, pieces from the same copper plate had been used in all the
preliminary riveting-tests (Figs. 27-30). He light add that in all the
riveting-tests (Figs. 27-37) hand-riveting had been resorted to, so that
if there were any advantage in la forming a joint by this method over that
of pneumatic riveting the specimens illustrated should show it. Mr. Marshall's
suggestion for delivering the feed-water into the water-space of the
fire·box had been tried years ago by the Author's predecessor, John
Ramsbottom, on the locomotive Lady of the Lake2 which had
been shown at the Exhibition of 1862. It had been found, however, that the
introduction of the water, even warmed by the injector, into this part
of the boiler caused the copper fire-box plates and stays to expand very
unequally, givlng rise to considerable trouble, and, in consequence, the
pactice had had to be abandoned. The correct place for delivery tI tho feed-water
was certainly the barrel of' the boiler, whereby water was heated before
reaching the intensely hot fire-box, part of the mineral constituents were
deposited where they would do least harm. The freedom from leaky stays and
wasted stay.heads in the locomotive fire-boxes on the Egyptian State Railways
mentioned by Mr. Trevithick, was undoubtedly due to engines not having been
heavily worked (although their mileage was fairly good) and at the same time
to good boiler-water universally available--a condition highly favourable
to the life of steel boilers and fire-boxes. The freedom from breakage of
mild-steel fire-box stays was well known, but, as already mentioned, difficulty
with them was the maintenance of a satisfactory joint when used in copper
fire-boxes, Of course this defect would be expected when they were used in
steel fire-boxes, especiaIIy when good boiler-water was available. Boilers
constructed entireIy of one metal (mild steel) had, as at present designed,
a much shorter life, and at the same time consumed a decidedly larger quantity
of fuel as compared with boilers fitted with coper tubes and copper fire-boxes,
and therefore could not, in his opinion be considered altogether
satisfactory.
1 Le Blant, "Lea Entretoises de Foyers de Locomotives." Congres International
des Methodes d'Essai des Materiaux de Construction, Paris, 1900.
2. Z. Colburn, Locomotive Engineering and the Mechanism of Railways.
London., 1876.
The relative advantage of different kinds of power for tramways, light railways
and motor-car traffic, both heavy and light. Thomas Parker. 411-13.
Quotes cost of electric traction on Liverpool Overhead Railway.
(Paper No. 2764.)
1902/03 Volume 151
Hopkinson, Charles, Bertram Hopkinson and Ernest Talbot (Paper No. 3364)
Electric tramways. 39-84. Disc.: 85-140.
In Leeds, but also mentions Central London Railway.
1902/03 (Volume 154)
Cowan, Percy John (Paper 3398)
American locomotive practice. 38-79. Discussion: 80-134.
According to Rutherford Churchward contributed to the discussion (on
piston valves)
1903/04 Volume 155
Webb, F.W. (Paper 3423)
Copper locomotive boiler tubes. 401-13.
A metallurgical paper: the first tube failed when the engine had completed
34,067 miles, and the second tube of the same make at the end of 40,612 miles.
Had worn thin from the inside.
1903/04 Volume 156
Millar, Alexander (Paper No. 3428)
The electrical reconstruction of the South London tramways on the conduit
system. 143-79. Discussion: 180-214.
Hardington, Arthur Bartlett (Student paper No. 497)
Notes on the construction and setting-out of tunnels in the London clay.
376-91.
Of what is now the Bakerloo Line
1903/04 Volume 157
Twinberow, James Denis (Paper 3412)
The construction of railway wagons in steel. 92-107.
Shackleford, Arthur Lewis (Paper 3454)
The construction of iron and steel railway wagons. 108-25.
Jepson, James Thomas (Paper 3437)
Iron and steel railway-wagons of high capacity. 126-49. Joint discussion
150-211.
See also Engineering Conference 1903
Graham, J, (Paper No. 3442)
Axle-loads on railway bridges. 323-54.
Aspinall, John. (Paper No.3468)
Experiments on tractive resistance of loaded wagons. 369-73.
Wood-Hill, Arthur and Pain, Edward Davy. (Paper
3502)
On the construction of a concrete railway viaducct. 1-12
Lyme Regiss to Axminster branch line
Volume 164 (1906)
Frederic Robert Upcott. (Pap 3586)
The railway gauges of India. 196-214. Discussion 215-83. Communications:
383-327
William Ernest Dalby (Paper No. 3577)
The economical working of locomotives. 329-48.
As speed increrases for a given cut off there is a dcrease in the
area of indicator diagrams
Carus Wilson, C.A.
The predetermination of train-resistance. 227-65. Disc.: 266-82.
Application of roller bearings to railway bogie freight rolling stock,
and its effect upon friction (rolling resistance). Discussed by Sir W. Matthews,
R.E.B. Crompton, F. Shelford, F.E. Robertson, F. Hudleston, H. Fowler, B.M.
Jenkin, J.S. Warner, H.K. Bamber and C.H. Gadsby.
Volume: 175 (1909)
Matheson, D.A.
Glasgow Central Station extension. 30-68. Disc.: 69-137. Correspondence:
138-84.
Included Westinghouse power signalling, and the cost of its installation..
J.C. Inglis, Sir J.W. Barry, A. Ross, J.W. Jacomb, B. Hall Blyth, C.L. Morgan
C L, W.W. Grierson, W.B. Worthington, G.A. Hobson, Francis Fox, H. Ward,
Sir A. Binnie, R. Elliott Cooper, and A.T. Walmisley contributed to the
discussion and A. Ames, J. Bell, T. Binnie, Guy Calthrop, W.J. Cudworth,
E. De Rudder, D. Drummond, G.B. Francis, C.P. Hogg, W.C. Kerr, W. Melville,
J. Miller, W.H. Mills, W.B. Parsons, H.H.A. Rambusch and J. Sayers were
correspondents.
Volume 179 (1910)
Shaw, J.
The equipment and working-results of the Mersey Railway under steam and under
electric traction. 19-46.
The online entry offering the paper for sale at £18 has plate
at Bach [sic] of volume
Dalziel, J. and Sayers, J.
The single-phase electrification of the Heysham, Morecambe and Lancaster
branch of the Midland Railway. 47-98.
Harrison, C.A.
The effect of electrical operation on the permanent-way maintenance of railways
as illustrated on the Tynemouth Branches of the North Eastern Railway. 99-112.
Electric traction on railways. Discussion: 113-94. Correspondence 194-29.
Volume 180 (1909/10)
Bach, F.W. (Paper No. 3787.)
Design of rolling stock for smooth-rail working on heavy gradients. 74-87
. Disc.: 88-115. Correspondence: 115-32.
Evidently (from external citations) considered three-cylinder designs
for Peruvian Central Railway. Trans Andean Railway also mentioned
Contributors to the discussion: F.J. Waring, S.B. Tritton, G. Hughes,
D. Simson, C.O. Burge, H.K. Bamber, J.D. Twinberrow, D. Halpin and R. Burnett.
Correspondents included R. Abt, J. Harding, W.F. Pettigrew, J.G. Robinson,
A. Schucan, R. Stirling, C. Watson and J. Weber.
Volume 186 (1910/11)
Dawson, P. (Paper No. 3929)
The electrification of a portion of the suburban system of the London, Brighton
and South Coast Railway. 1-57. Disc.: 58-123. Correspondence: 124-72.
C. Hamilton Ellis in his book on the
L.B.&S.C.R. pp. wrote (based on this paper): "The
company's installation must be uniform. Its adoption of the single-phase
system was strongly criticized by contemporary engineers in Great Britain,
and at the same time applauded by Continental commentators. Dawson himself
said: 'It is much to be regretted that a "battle of systems" ever arose.
The electrification of any portion of a railway system is purely a financial
and an engineering question, and must be solved on its merits alone." Power
was to be taken from the Deptford power station of the London Electric Supply
Corporation to a switch house at Queen's Road, Peckham, where meters were
installed, and current would be supplied to the contact line at 6,700 volts
on a frequency of 25 cycles per second. Certain points may be noted here:
firstly, that the conversion of the South London line would closely follow
Morgan's completion of his new, spacious and magnificent Victoria Station,
replacing the old and very inadequate 'Brighton Side'; secondly that it was
contemporary with the somewhat similar conversion, by the Midland Railway,
of the Lancaster, Morecambe and Heysham lines, and thirdly that, even at
this early stage, Dawson was well away with plans for the much more extensive
conversion of the London, Brighton & South Coast, embracing most if not
all of the suburban lines, the main line to Brighton, and the coast line
thence to Portsmouth.
Some of his prospects are peculiarly interesting to recall. He remarked that
the distance from London Bridge to Portsmouth via the Coast Line was only
ten miles longer than that through Horsham, as well as being much more level.
An electric service to Portsmouth via Brighton would also benefit coast towns
such as Worthing; then: 'The service to the various stations intermediate
between Sutton and Arundel could easily be worked by motor coaches, either
steam- or oil-driven.' This was economic railway operation as seen through
engineers' eyes. The anticipation of dieseldom is interesting. One needs
not to guess that the 'nobs' of Dorking, mentioned previously, and the nobility,
squirearchy and populace of mid-Sussex would have had a good deal to say
about being fobbed off with rail-motors. Certainly the user and potential
did not justify the expense of a.c. conversion. Years later, in 1924, the
Southern Railway made the same mistake in underrating them when it tried
to concentrate its Portsmouth services on the South Western line, and there
was a devil of a row.
There were considerable difficulties in the arrangement of the over- head
catenaries and contact lines; even though the London, Brighton &South
Coast had a slightly higher loading gauge than its neighbour ..."
Contributors to the discussion: A. Siemens, C.L. Morgan, J.A.F. Aspinall,
A. Lupton, C.F. Jenkin, G. Hughes, W. Forbes, F. Eichberg, J. Dalziel, H.E.
Wimperis, H.W. Firth, R.E. Crompton, B.M. Jenkin, G. Rosenbusch. Correspondence
from: A.H. Babcock, F.W. Carter, W.G. Dalby, H.M. Hobart, G.L. Hoest, R.H.
Houghton, E. Huber, F. Lydall, W.S. Murray, P. Pforr, J. Sayers, A. Schmit,
C.F. Scott and J.D. Twinberrow.
Cooke, C.J.B.
Mechanical handling of coal for British locomotives. 178-90. Discussion:
191-206.
Participants in discussion included R. Elliott Cooper, G.J. Churchward
(whom one suspects was antagonistic to the concept), D.E. Marsh, T.H. Dailey,
H.N. Gresley, E. Hull, J.A.F. Aspinall, H. Fowler, R.E. Crompton, A. Musker,
J.H. Rosenthal, M. Fitzmaurice, and A.D. Jones.
Volume 196 (1913/14)
Fowler, Henry (Paper 4084)
Superheating steam in locomotives. 77-107. Disc.: 108-220.
C.J. Bowen Cooke (109-15) quoted LNWR experience
with Claughton Ralph Brocklebank; W.A. Lelean (115-21) gave Indian
experience; A.J. Hill (122-4) noted experience gained on the GER;
Aspinall (128-9) gave experience on the L&YR noting
that smokebox type "did not give anything like sufficient superheat" —
see also letter from F.G. Brewer in
Loco. Mag., 1927, 33, 33.; Churchward
(129-32) objected to the inference that only a low degree of superheating
was employed at Swindon; Gresley (139-41) refuted
Churchward quite strongly; also noted that superheating increased oil consumption
by 5% and demanded better uality oil: see
Locomotive Mag., 1918, 24,
29; Vincent L. Raven (133-6) noted that the NER
had abandoned dampers for superheaters and had suffered no problems in piston
packing. J.W. Smith spoke on behalf of J.G. Robinson (137-9); F.H. Trevithick
(147); A.D. Jones (156-7) noted the excellent performance
which had been obtained on the road.
Aspinall, Sir John Audley Frederick
Presidential Address 1918-1919 (5 November 1918). 2-27
Work on all the larger railways to reduce costs by the standardization
of parts, has not been appreciated at its true value: rolling stock, port
facilities; wagons; coal tipping; ownership; permanent way; sleepers;
electrification; and electric traction.
Volume 208 (1919)
Gobey, F.E.
All-metal passenger cars for British railways. 230-71.
Volume 210 (1920)
Robertson, J.K.
Richborough Military Transportation Depot. 156-207.
Volume 213 (1922)
Rendell, A.W.
Control of trains in relation to increased weight and speed combind with
reduced headway. 208-22.
Fowler, H. and Gresley, H.N. (Paper No.
4404)
Trials in connection with the application of the vacuum-brake for long
freight-trains. 223-48. Disc.: 249-82. Correspondence: 283-93.
Discussion participants: J. Aspinall, J.W. Cross, S. Tritton, W.E.
Dalby, V.L. Raven, R.W. Reid, W.E. Hardy, R.E.L. Maunsell, H.W.H. Richards,
A.J. Hill and F.J. Hookham. Correspondents: T. Barty, C.S. Churchill, A.C.
Clear, C.B. Collett, and J.D. Twinberrow.
Volume 214 (1922)
Willox, W. (Paper No. 4406)
All-electric automatic power signalling on the Metropolitan Railway. 55-76.
Aspinall, J.A.F.
The James Forrest Lecture, 1922. Some post-war problems of transport.
235-71.
Larger wagons would eliminate a large proportion of shunting expenditure.
The constant sorting and arrangement of the tradcrs' wagons, which have daily
to be sent back to destinations ordered by thc 6,450 separate people who
own them, is like the perpetual piecing together of a jigsaw puzzle with
all the disadvantages of wasted work.
Volume 215 (1923)
Henry Walter Huntingford Richards. (Paper
4441)
Tweny years' operation of electric traction on the London, Brighton and South
Coast Railway. 203-32. Discussion: 233-83. Correspondence: 263-4
Participants to discussion (other than author): Sir W.H.
Ellis, Sir P Dawson, Sir W Forbes, F.A Cortez
Leigh, R. Smith, H.E. O' Brien, J. Dalziel, S.P
Smith, G.W Partridge and G. Wurthlich (last by
correspondence),
Volume 228 (1929)
Gribble, C. (Paper No. 4701).
Impact in railway-bridges, with particular reference to the report of the
Bridge Stress Committee. 46-79. Dic. 80-127. Correspondence: 127-53.
Volume 229 (1930)
Grierson, W.W.
Presidential Address. 1-28.
Volume 234 (1932)
White, B.G.
The electrification of the Madras suburban section of the South Indian Railway.
(includes appendices and plates at back of volume). 225-59. Discussion: 260-75.
Communication: 275-6.
Inglis, C.E. (Paper No. 4870).
Impact in railway-bridges. 358-403. Disc.: 404-44. 22 diagrs., 13 tables.
Volume: 236 (1933)
Unwin, C.B.
Electric trains for services with frequent stops. 1-22.
Richards, H.W.H. (Paper No. 4908)
Primary considerations relating to steam, electric, and diesel-electric traction.
23-81.
Graff Baker, W.S.
Some features of design in electric rolling stock for intense service. 82-92.
Discussion on railway electrification. 93-150. Correspondence: 150-65.
The three papers were discussed together, and some interesting people
participated: Sir John Aspinall, Sir Ralph Wedgwood, B.G. White, J.S. Tritton,
T.H. Webster, A.R. Cooper, R.T. Smith, C.C. Garrard, J.M. Kennedy, Sir B.
Henderson and Sir Philip Dawson. Correspondents: H.D. Bush, E.H. Croft, C.E.
Fairburn, F.A. Harper, F.M. Jackson, R.I. Minchom, E. O'Brien, C.P. Sandberg,
plus the original contributors.
Volume 237 (1934)
Foxlee, R.W. and Greet, E.H. (Paper No.
4896).
Hammer-blow impact on the main girders of railway bridges. 239-313. Disc.:
356-418 + 5 folding plates. 24 diagrs., 5 tables.
(Includes plates and appendices).
1941/2 (Volume 17/18?)
Colam, H.N. and Watson, J.D. (Paper No.
5243)
Hammer-blow in locomotives: can it be abolished altogether? 197-220. Disc.:
359-82: 18, 429-33; 464-97.
Abridged:version appeared in J. Instn Loco. Engrs..
1952 (Volume 1)
A.K. Terris
Discussion on continental railway civil engineering practice. 402-18
No information reasonably available
1961 (Volume 18)
Alexander Key Terris (Paper No. 6511).
New tunnels near Potters Bar. 289-304
Other odds & ends within bibliographical regions of the Styx (electronic utter shambles not worthy of a supposedly premier engineering institution)
The Institution of Civil Engineers Railway Engineering Division Papers
Volume 1 Issue 9, (1943),
George Ellson
Modern trends of railway engineering practice. 1-21
Arthur Ewart Tattersall
Railway signalling and communications. 1-21
Volume 2 Issue 6 (1944)
Henry Raymond Reynolds
Soil mechanics and the railway engineer. 1-30
Maurice Frank Barbey
Some soil mecanics problems on the London Midland and Scottish Railway.
31-61.
Volume 3 Issue 8, (1945)
Fredrerick Harold Dunn Page.
Railway signalling for the civil engineer. 1-26. Discussion 28-42
Limited mount of information available may imply that employed by
Great Western Railway
Volume 3 Issue 9, 1945 (Session 1944-1945)
J.T. Thompson. The layout of locomotive depot facilities. 1-31..
Volume 6 Issue 4
Edward Franklin Ingall and Ernest Lancaster
Birmingham Lawley Street modernization of goods depot. 1-18. Discussion
18-31
Participants in discussion included F.G. Umpleby and J.F.
Bickerton
Volume 7 Issue 4 (1949)
A.F. Cameron.
The reconstruction of Portsmouth Harbour station. 1-19. Discussion; 20-7